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    <p><font face="Arial">No to jo, takže tranzistor musí ustát nabíjecí
        proud.</font><br>
    </p>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Martin Záruba</pre>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dne 11.9.2023 v 9:46 Pavel Hudeček
      napsal(a):<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:d0bf1187-85de-c8c1-ddee-39ba83314b03@seznam.cz">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
      Proud tranzisotrem bude nejvýš shodnej s nabíjecím, takže na něj
      by se mělo dimenzovat jeho chlazení.<br>
      <br>
      PH<br>
      <br>
      <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dne 11.09.2023 v 7:30 Martin Záruba
        napsal(a):<br>
      </div>
      <blockquote type="cite"
        cite="mid:bd4039f9-b143-2c72-ae70-084ce22db97f@volny.cz">
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
          charset=UTF-8">
        <p><font face="Arial">Takže máte v sérii LM431, indikační LED, a
            LED v optočlenu? To už je moc velké napětí (nebo jsem to
            nepochopil?) Můžete poslat schéma jednoho členu?</font></p>
        <p><font face="Arial">Já myslím, že omezení na "všechny" asi
            není nutné, protože součtové napětí všech (většiny) nabitých
            článků určitě překročí omezovací napětí nabíječe. Nebo se
            mýlím?</font></p>
        <p><font face="Arial">Já myslel ochranu na příliš velký proud
            tranzistorem/příliš velkou ztrátu na tranzistoru. Nebo ani
            to nehrozí?</font></p>
        <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Martin Záruba</pre>
        <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dne 10.9.2023 v 15:22 AZe
          napsal(a):<br>
        </div>
        <blockquote type="cite"
          cite="mid:B450E8F41BD744B4A9D3CA80F6974464@FD">
          <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
            http-equiv="Content-Type">
          <div dir="ltr">
            <div style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial'; COLOR:
              #000000">
              <div>Ne, mám to u 7 článků Li-Ion a u 8 článků LiFePo, u
                každého tuto “Zenerku”, a do série s indikačními LED
                jsem zapojil optočleny, jejich tranzistory do série,
                takže kdyby začaly omezovat všechny, sepne se relé a
                nabíjení se přeruší. Zatím to nebylo aktivní.</div>
              <div>TIP35C je stejný jako BD249C.</div>
              <div>aze</div>
              <div style="FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION: none;
                FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT: normal;
                COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; DISPLAY: inline">
                <div style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
                  <div> </div>
                  <div style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
                    <div style="font-color: black"><b>From:</b> <a
                        title="swz@volny.cz" href="mailto:swz@volny.cz"
                        moz-do-not-send="true">Martin Záruba</a> </div>
                    <div><b>Sent:</b> Sunday, September 10, 2023 2:35 PM</div>
                    <div><b>To:</b> <a title="hw-list@list.hw.cz"
                        href="mailto:hw-list@list.hw.cz"
                        moz-do-not-send="true"
                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext">hw-list@list.hw.cz</a>
                    </div>
                    <div><b>Subject:</b> Re: Balancer</div>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div> </div>
              </div>
              <div style="FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION: none;
                FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT: normal;
                COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; DISPLAY: inline">
                <p><font face="Arial">Dík. Nikde jsem ho nenašel, ale
                    myslím, že byšel použít </font><a
href="https://www.tme.eu/cz/details/tip35c/tranzistory-npn-tht/stmicroelectronics/"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">TIP35C STMicroelectronics -
                    Tranzistor: NPN | bipolární; 100V; 25A; 125W;
                    TO247-3 | TME Czech Republic s.r.o. - Elektronické
                    součástky</a> NPN <br>
                </p>
                <p>nebo <a
href="https://www.tme.eu/cz/details/tip36c/tranzistory-pnp-tht/stmicroelectronics/"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">TIP36C STMicroelectronics -
                    Tranzistor: PNP | bipolární; 100V; 25A; 125W;
                    TO247-3 | TME Czech Republic s.r.o. - Elektronické
                    součástky</a> PNP</p>
                <p>Řešil jste nějak omezení maximálního proudu
                  tranzistorem?<br>
                </p>
                <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Martin Záruba</pre>
                <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dne 10.9.2023 v 13:37 AZe
                  napsal(a):<br>
                </div>
                <blockquote
                  cite="mid:DDB84889C55D444287F749E9BEFB7259@FD"
                  type="cite">
                  <div dir="ltr">
                    <div style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial';
                      COLOR: #000000">
                      <div>Použil jsem NPN BD249C, 25A, 100V, 125W, na
                        žebrovaném chladiči s větráčky, které se spínají
                        termostatem, buzené jsou přes BD140 (PNP). </div>
                      <div>aze</div>
                      <div> </div>
                      <div> </div>
                      <div> </div>
                      <div style="FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION:
                        none; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri";
                        FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE:
                        normal; DISPLAY: inline">
                        <div style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
                          <div> </div>
                          <div style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
                            <div style="font-color: black"><b>From:</b>
                              <a title="swz@volny.cz"
                                href="mailto:swz@volny.cz"
                                moz-do-not-send="true">Martin Záruba</a>
                            </div>
                            <div><b>Sent:</b> Sunday, September 10, 2023
                              1:08 PM</div>
                            <div><b>To:</b> <a
                                title="hw-list@list.hw.cz"
                                class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
                                href="mailto:hw-list@list.hw.cz"
                                moz-do-not-send="true">hw-list@list.hw.cz</a>
                            </div>
                            <div><b>Subject:</b> Re: Balancer</div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                        <div> </div>
                      </div>
                      <div style="FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION:
                        none; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri";
                        FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE:
                        normal; DISPLAY: inline">
                        <p><font face="Arial">Koupil jsem tento balancer
                            pro 24 článků. Funguje, ale nestačí. Při
                            nabíjení je vždy jeden článek nabitý dřív a
                            teď to dělám tak, že omezuji nabíjení, aby
                            na něm bylo maximální možné napětí, takže
                            balancery to cpou do ostatních, ale je to
                            málo a do večera nejsou ty ostatní nabité.
                            Takže ty LM431 "zenerky" je dobrý nápad.
                            Chtěl bych to udělat tak, že bych
                            tranzistory přidělal na víko revizního
                            otvoru bojleru. Je zcela dole, takže tam
                            těžko bude víc než 70 stupňů. A energie se
                            využije. Jaké tranzistory jste použil?</font><br>
                        </p>
                        <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Martin Záruba</pre>
                        <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dne 29.3.2023 v
                          21:38 AZE napsal(a):<br>
                        </div>
                        <blockquote
                          cite="mid:8D9E1F0DFBAB40729D6EB8E59435D557@DELL"
                          type="cite">
                          <div dir="ltr">
                            <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY:
                              'Arial'; COLOR: #000000">
                              <div>Ano, jsou to v podstatě jakési
                                výkonové nastavitelné Zenerky s ostrým
                                kolenem. Vybité články: Pro LiIon
                                baterie mám zmíněné AC 230V/DC zdroje
                                Meanwell 3,3V pro každý blok článků, pro
                                LiFePo jsem použil DC/DC měniče 20A
                                galvanicky oddělené, napájené z 24V ,
                                jsou to typy EHHD020A0F Lineage Power,
                                mám v ruce datasheet, nevím, od koho
                                pocházejí, zjistil bych to. Jsou
                                nastavené na 3,1V. V sérii s nimi jsou v
                                obou případech ještě Schottkyho diody
                                30A.</div>
                              <div>aze</div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div>
                                <div style="FONT-SIZE: small;
                                  TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-FAMILY:
                                  "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT:
                                  normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE:
                                  normal; DISPLAY: inline"> </div>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <div style="FONT-SIZE: small;
                                  TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-FAMILY:
                                  "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT:
                                  normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE:
                                  normal; DISPLAY: inline"> </div>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <div style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
                                  <div style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
                                    <div style="font-color: black"><b>From:</b>
                                      <a title="swz@volny.cz"
                                        href="mailto:swz@volny.cz"
                                        moz-do-not-send="true">Martin
                                        Záruba</a> </div>
                                    <div><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, March
                                      29, 2023 8:45 AM</div>
                                    <div><b>To:</b> <a
                                        title="hw-list@list.hw.cz"
                                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
                                        href="mailto:hw-list@list.hw.cz"
                                        moz-do-not-send="true">hw-list@list.hw.cz</a>
                                    </div>
                                    <div><b>Subject:</b> Re: Balancer</div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                                <div> </div>
                              </div>
                              <div style="FONT-SIZE: small;
                                TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-FAMILY:
                                "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT:
                                normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE:
                                normal; DISPLAY: inline">
                                <p><font face="Arial">Pokud to dobře
                                    chápu, tak při dosažení maximálního
                                    napětí na článku se pomocí LM431
                                    otevírá výkonový tranzistor, který
                                    dodanou energii přeměňuje na teplo.
                                    To je asi docela snadno řešitelné i
                                    pro hodně článků, ale při téměř
                                    vybitém stavu máte pro každý článek
                                    ten AC/DC zdroj? A AC je 230 V?</font></p>
                                <p><font face="Arial">Co je to za </font>izolované
                                  DC/DC měniče (18-75)V/3,3V 20A? Nic s
                                  těmito vlastnostmi (a za přijatelnou
                                  cenu) jsem nenašel.</p>
                                <p>A poslední dotaz: Pokud dle výrobce
                                  ten balaner dokáže dát až 10A, proč
                                  nedat třeba dva nebo tři paralelně a
                                  mělo by to být vyřešené?<br>
                                </p>
                                <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Martin Záruba</pre>
                                <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dne
                                  28.3.2023 v 21:18 AZe napsal(a):<br>
                                </div>
                                <blockquote
                                  cite="mid:A3826134A14A44E282147D16F71CFA7B@FD"
                                  type="cite">
                                  <div dir="ltr">
                                    <div style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
                                      FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial'; COLOR:
                                      #000000">
                                      <div>Mám to trochu složitější. 8
                                        článků LiFePo v sérii, každý je
                                        4x125Ah, cca 12kWh, a uvedený
                                        balancer je drží po dobu
                                        vybíjení i nabíjení v rozmezí
                                        20mV. Ty ale nejsou samy, je u
                                        nich ještě několik sad LiIon
                                        baterií 7S, zapojených do dvou
                                        skupin, celkem cca 35kWh, rovněž
                                        s těmito induktivními balancéry,
                                        takže nabíjecí a vybíjecí proudy
                                        LiFePo nejsou až tak velké,
                                        nabíjení do 50A a vybíjení
                                        rovněž. Ze všech zkoušených
                                        balancérů tyto opravdu fungují.
                                      </div>
                                      <div>Jak Li-Ion, tak LiFePo jsou
                                        chráněné proti přebíjení známým
                                        zapojením s IC LM431 + výkonové
                                        tranzistory 30A na chladičích, a
                                        proti nízkému napětí tam mám u
                                        LiIon AC/DC zdroje Meanwell
                                        tuším 3,3V/10A nebo víc, teď
                                        nevím, které se zapnou v případě
                                        poklesu napětí pod nějaký limit,
                                        takže by každý z nich převzal
                                        proud příliš vybitého článku, u
                                        LiFePo to jsou izolované DC/DC
                                        měniče (18-75)V/3,3V 20A.</div>
                                      <div>aze</div>
                                      <div style="FONT-SIZE: small;
                                        TEXT-DECORATION: none;
                                        FONT-FAMILY:
                                        "Calibri";
                                        FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR:
                                        #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal;
                                        DISPLAY: inline">
                                        <div style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
                                          <div> </div>
                                          <div style="BACKGROUND:
                                            #f5f5f5">
                                            <div style="font-color:
                                              black"><b>From:</b> <a
                                                title="swz@volny.cz"
                                                href="mailto:swz@volny.cz"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">Martin
                                                Záruba</a> </div>
                                            <div><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday,
                                              March 28, 2023 8:46 PM</div>
                                            <div><b>To:</b> <a
                                                title="hw-list@list.hw.cz"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:hw-list@list.hw.cz"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">hw-list@list.hw.cz</a>
                                            </div>
                                            <div><b>Subject:</b> Re:
                                              Balancer</div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                        <div> </div>
                                      </div>
                                      <div style="FONT-SIZE: small;
                                        TEXT-DECORATION: none;
                                        FONT-FAMILY:
                                        "Calibri";
                                        FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR:
                                        #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal;
                                        DISPLAY: inline">
                                        <p><font face="Arial">No a jakou
                                            s nimi máte zkušenost? Mám
                                            na mysli hlavně stav, kdy
                                            jednomu článku docházejí
                                            síly při vybíjení, což je
                                            myslím nejdůležitější,
                                            eventuelně při stavu, kdy je
                                            jeden článek zcela nabitý a
                                            ostatní ne. Myslím jak
                                            významně je balancer schopen
                                            přelévat proud do
                                            nenabitých, aby se nabíjení
                                            nemuselo vypnout?</font><br>
                                        </p>
                                        <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Martin Záruba</pre>
                                        <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dne
                                          28.3.2023 v 20:33 AZe
                                          napsal(a):<br>
                                        </div>
                                        <blockquote
                                          cite="mid:A64AC77DE1DB459E80AAF3D41074BBFC@FD"
                                          type="cite">Mám stejnou
                                          zkušenost. Používám tyto: <br>
                                          <a
                                            class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005004260498668.html?spm=a2g0o.order_list.order_list_main.126.26011802RoZHkv"
                                            moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005004260498668.html?spm=a2g0o.order_list.order_list_main.126.26011802RoZHkv</a>
                                          <br>
                                          <a
                                            class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005003341520609.html?spm=a2g0o.order_list.order_list_main.111.26011802RoZHkv"
                                            moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005003341520609.html?spm=a2g0o.order_list.order_list_main.111.26011802RoZHkv</a>
                                          <br>
                                          aze <br>
                                          <br>
                                          <br>
                                          <br>
                                          -----Původní zpráva----- From:
                                          Martin Záruba <br>
                                          Sent: Tuesday, March 28, 2023
                                          8:17 PM <br>
                                          To: Martin Zaruba <br>
                                          Subject: Balancer <br>
                                          <br>
                                          Mám FVE s LiFePo články,
                                          celkem 18 článků. Originál
                                          balancer stojí za <br>
                                          ... Prostě to v krajních
                                          polohách nabití neubalancuje
                                          ani náhodou. <br>
                                          Uvaľuji proto udělat vlastní.
                                          <br>
                                          <br>
                                          Zatím jen v teoretické rovině:
                                          Co si myslíte o tom, kdyľ by
                                          to byl <br>
                                          toroid, který by měl 18
                                          totoľných vinutí, které by
                                          mosfety s co <br>
                                          nejmenąím vnitřním odporem
                                          prostě připojily na správně
                                          dlouhou dobu <br>
                                          paralelně k jednotlivým
                                          článkům (ty jsou pochopitelně
                                          do série). Podle <br>
                                          mě by z článku o největąím
                                          napětí musel téct proud do
                                          toho s nejmenąím. <br>
                                          Dovedete někdo spočítat nebo
                                          alespoň odhadnout jak velký
                                          zdánlivý odpor <br>
                                          bude způsobovat magnetická
                                          vazba mezi vinutími a z toho
                                          tedy jak velký <br>
                                          vyrovnávací proud vzhledem k
                                          rozdílnému napětí poteče? <br>
                                          <br>
                                          Ono ani nejde o to ubalancovat
                                          to kdyľ jsou články trochu
                                          nabité, ale <br>
                                          předevąím kdyľ jednomu
                                          docházejí při vybíjení síly,
                                          aby mu alespoň <br>
                                          částečně pomáhal balancer. Pro
                                          mosfety by třeba 20A nebyl
                                          problém a <br>
                                          jejich vnitřní odpor i odpor
                                          vinutí a přívodů bude taky
                                          dostatečně malý, <br>
                                          ale neumím spočítat odpor té
                                          magnetické vazby. <br>
                                          <br>
                                          Co si o mém nápadu myslíte? </blockquote>
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